• Free Textbooks in Mathematics

    Submitted by yonatan zilpa on

    The following is a list of links to useful textbooks in mathematics, available for free on the Internet. All books are legally safe to download, The books are in printable format - Postscript (PS) or Portable Document Format (PDF). You are free to download, read and print them. This is a partial list of "free textbooks" in math, the list is to be updated regularly.
    Tags: 
    math textbooks

  • The circle of Apollonius

    Submitted by yonatan zilpa on

    By definition, a circle is the locus of all points equidistant from a fixed center. However, the circle of Apollonius is defined differently. In the following post I will define and construct an Apollonian circle.
    Tags: 
    geometry

  • Asymptotic Differentiable Function

    Submitted by yonatan zilpa on

    Let $f$ be any function asymptotic at zero. Prove/Disprove:
    If $f$ is differentiable everywhere in its domain, then $\lim_{x\to \infty}f\;'(x)$ must be equal to zero?
    Tags: 
    recreational mathematics

  • Hahn Decomposition Theorem

    Submitted by yonatan zilpa on

    Let $\nu$ be a signed measure over measurable space $(X,\mathcal{M})$. Denote $\tilde{N}=\left\{ u\in \mathcal{M} \; :\; \mbox{$u$ is $\nu$-negative} \right\}$ and $\tilde{P}=\left\{ u\in \mathcal{M} \; :\; \mbox{$u$ is $\nu$-positive} \right\}$
    1.   $\exists N\in \tilde{N}\Big(\exists P \in \tilde{P}\Big( N\cap P=\emptyset \; \mbox{ and }\; N\cup P = X\Big)\Big)$
    2.   $\forall N,N^{'}\in \tilde{N}\Big(\forall P,P^{'}\in \tilde{P} \Big(N\sqcup P =N^{'}\sqcup P^{'}=X \; \Longrightarrow \nu( P\triangle \tilde{P})=\nu( N\triangle \tilde{N})=0\Big)\Big) $
    Tags: 
    theorems

  • Steinhaus theorem

    Submitted by yonatan zilpa on

    Let $\lambda$ be Borel measure.
    1. If $A$ is mesuarable and $\lambda(A)>0$, then $A-A=\left\{ x-y\; :\; x,y\in A \right\}$ contains a segment $I$ such that $0\in I$
    2. If $A, B$ are measurable sets and $\lambda(A), \lambda(B)>0$, then $A+B$ contains a segment I.
    Tags: 
    theorems

  • Minimum way to move all circles

    Submitted by yonatan zilpa on

    Moving circles
    Consider a game with three vertical sticks and 5 circles, where each circle has a hole in the middle. The circles arranged in one stick as shown in the picture: The task is to move all the circles to a nearby stick, circles can be move from one stick to another, but a circle cannot be put over a smaller one. What are the minimum number of steps needed to complete this task?
Tags: 
recreational mathematics

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